Reprinted with permission of the National Federation of State High School Associations. This material is not to be resold or remarketed.
RULE 9 VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES
SECTION 1 FREE-THROW PROVISIONS
A player shall not violate the following provisions governing free throws:
ART.1...The try shall be attempted from within the free-throw semicircle and behind the free throw line.
ART.2...An opponent of the free thrower shall occupy each lane space adjacent to the end line during the try, unless the resuming of play procedure is in effect and no teammate of the free thrower may occupy either of these lane spaces.
After the ball is placed at the disposal of the free thrower:
ART.3...He/she shall throw within 10 seconds to cause the ball to enter the basket or touch the ring before the free throw ends.
ART.4...The free thrower shall not fake a try, nor shall any player in a marked lane space fake to cause an opponent to violate.
ART.5...No opponent shall disconcert the free thrower.
ART.6...No player shall enter or leave a marked lane space.
ART.7...The free thrower shall not have either foot beyond the vertical plane of the edge of the free-throw line which is farther from the basket or the free-throw semicircle.
ART.8...A player, other than the free thrower, who does not occupy a marked lane space, may not have either foot beyond the vertical plane of the free-throw line extended and the three-point line which is farther from the basket.
ART.9...A player occupying a marked lane space may not have either foot beyond the vertical plane of the outside edge of any lane boundary, or beyond the vertical plane of any edge of the space (2 inches by 36 inches) designated by a lane-space mark or beyond the verical plane of any edge of the space (12 inches by 36 inches) designated by a neutral zone.
NOTE: The restrictions in Articles 6 through 9 apply until the ball touches the ring or backboard or until the free throw ends.
PENALTY: (Section 1)
1. If the first or only violation is by the free throw shooter or a teammate, the ball becomes dead when the violation occurs and no point can be scored by that throw. The following out-of-bounds provisions apply if no further free throws are to be administered.
a.) If the violation occurs during a free throw for a personal foul, other than intentional or flagrant, the ball is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
b.) If the violation occurs during a free throw for a technical foul, the ball is awarded to the thrower's team for a throw-in at the division line on the side of the court opposite the scorer's and timer's table.
c.) If the violation occurs during a free throw for a flagrant personal foul or an intentional personal foul, the ball is awarded to the thrower's team for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the foul.
2. If the violation is by the free-thrower's opponent only:
a.) If the try is successful, the goal counts and the violation is disregarded.
b.) If the try is not successful, the ball becomes dead when the free throw ends, and a substitute throw shall be attempted by the same free thrower under conditions the same as for the free throw for which it is substituted.
3. If there is a simultaneous violation by each team, and no further free throws are to be administered, the ball becomes dead, no point can be scored and play shall be resumed by the team entitled to the alternating-possession throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest to where the simultaneous violation occurred.
4. If there is a violation first by the free-thrower's opponent followed by the free thrower or a teammate:
a.) If both offenders are in a marked lane-space, the second violation is ignored, as in penalty item (2).
b.) If the second violation is by the free thrower or a teammate behind the free-throw line extended and the three-point line, both violations are penalized, as in penalty (3).
c.) If a violation by the free thrower follows disconcertion by an opponent, a substitute free throw shall be awarded.
d.) If a fake by an opponent causes a teammate of the free thrower ro violate, only the fake is penalized.
SECTION 2 THROW-IN PROVISIONS
A player shall not violate the following provisions governing the throw-in. The thrower shall not:
ART.1...Leave the designated throw-in spot until the ball has been released on a throw-in pass.
ART.2...Fail to pass the ball directly into the court from out-of-bound so it touches or is touched by another player (inbounds or out-of-bounds) on the court before going out of bounds untouched.
ART.3...Pass the ball so it is touched by a teammate while the ball is on the out-of-bounds side of the throw-in boundary-line plane.
ART.4...Consume five seconds from the time the throw-in starts until the ball is released on a pass directly into the court.
ART.5...Carry the ball onto the court.
ART.6...Touch the ball in the court before it touches or is touched by another player.
ART.7...Throw the ball so it enters the basket before it touches or is touched by another player.
ART.8...Throw the ball so it lodges between the backboard and ring or comes to rest on the flange before it touches or is touched by another player.
No player shall:
ART.9...Replace the thrower after the ball is at the thrower's disposal.
ART.10...Be out of bounds when he/she touches or is touched by the ball after it has been released on a throw-in pass.
Furthermore:
ART.11...The opponent(s) of the thrower shall not have any part of his/her person through the inbounds side of the throw-in boundary-line plane until the ball has been released on a throw-in pass.
NOTE: The thrower may penetrate the plane provided he/she does not touch the inbounds area before the ball is released on the throw-in pass. The opponent in this situation legally touch or grasp the ball. See penalty.
ART.12...No teammate of the thrower shall be out of bounds after a designated-spot throw-in begins.
PENALTY: (Section 2) The ball becomes dead when the violation or technical foul occurs. Following a violation, the ball is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in at the out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
(ARTICLE 11 only)
1. The first violation of the throw-in boundary-line plane by an opponent(s) of the thrower shall result in a team warning for delay being given (one warning per team per game). The warning does not result in the loss of the opportunity to move along the end line when and if applicable.
2. The second or additional violations will result in a technical foul assessed to the offending team. See 10-1-10 Penalty.
3. If an opponent(s) of the thrower reaches through the throw-in boundary-line plane and touches or disloges the ball, a technical foul shall be charged to the offender. No warning for delay required. See 10-3-12 Penalty.
4. If an opponent(s) of the thrower reaches through the throw-in boundary-line plane and fouls the thrower, an intentional personal foul shall be charged to the offender. No warning for delay required.
SECTION 3 OUT OF BOUNDS
A player shall not cause the ball to go out of bounds.
NOTE: The dribbler has committed a violation if he/she steps on or outside a boundary, even though he/she is not touching the ball while he/she is out of bounds.
PENALTY: (Section 3) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
SECTION 4 TRAVEL, KICK, FIST
A player shall not travel with the ball, intentionally kick it, strike it with the fist or cause it to enter and pass through the basket from below.
NOTE: Kicking the ball is a violation only when it is an intentional act; accidently striking the ball with the foot or leg is not a violation.
PENALTY: (Section 4) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
SECTION 5 DOUBLE DRIBBLE
A player shall not dribble a second time after his/her first dribble has ended, unless it is after he/she has lost control because of:
ART.1...A try for field goal.
ART.2...A bat by an opponent.
ART.3...A pass or fumble which has then touched, or been touched by, another player.
PENALTY: (Section 5) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
SECTION 6 JUMP BALL
A player shall not violate any provision of the jump ball (6-4). If both teams simultaneously commit violations during the jump ball or if the referee makes a bad toss, the toss shall be repeated.
PENALTY: (Section 6) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
SECTION 7 THREE SECONDS
ART.1...A player shall not remain for three seconds in that part of his/her free-throw lane between the end line and the farther edge of the free-throw line while the ball is in control of his/her team in his/her frontcourt.
ART.2...The three-second restriction applies to a player who has only one foot touching the lane boundary. The line is part of the lane. All lines designating the free-throw lane, but not lane-space marks and neutral-zone marks, are part of the lane.
ART.3...Allowance shall be made for a player who, having been in the restricted area for less than three seconds, dribbles in or moves immediately to try for goal.
PENALTY: (Section 7) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
SECTION 8 TEN SECONDS
A player shall not be, nor may his/her team be, in continuous control of a ballwhich is in his/her backcourt for 10 seconds.
PENALTY: (Section 8) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
SECTION 9 BACKCOURT
A player of the team in control shall not:
ART.1...Be the first to touch a ball after it has been in the frontcourt, if he/she or a teammate last touched or was touched by the ball in the frontcourt before it went to the backcourt.
ART.2...While in its backcourt, cause the ball to go from backcourt to frontcourt and return to backcourt in team control, without the ball touching a player in the frontcourt, and bne the first to touch it in the backcourt.
EXCEPTION 1: It is not a violation when after a jump ball or a throw-in, a player is the first to secure control of the ball while both feet are off the floor and he/she then returns to the floor with one or both feet in the backcourt.
EXCEPTION 2: It is not a violation if a defensive player who jumped from the frontcourt, secures control of the ball while both feet are off the floor and he/she returns to the floor with one or both feet in backcourt.
NOTE: The exceptions allow a player to make a normal landing and it makes no difference whether the first foot down is in frontcourt or backcourt. Only the player gaining possession is covered by the exceptions.
PENALTY: (Section 9) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
SECTION 10 CLOSELY GUARDED
ART.1...A player shall not while closely guarded:
a.) In his/her frontcourt, hold the ball for five seconds or dribble the ball for five seconds.
b.) In his/her frontcourt, control the ball for five seconds in an area enclosed by screening teammates.
ART.2...A closely-guarded count shall not be started during an interrupted dribble.
ART.3...A closely-guarded count shall be terminated during an interrupted dribble.
PENALTY: (Section 10) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
SECTION 11 BASKET INTERFERENCE
A player shall not commit basket interference. Basket interference occurs when a player:
ART.1...Touches the ball or basket, (including the net), when the ball is on or within either basket.
ART.2...Touches the ball when it is touching the cylinder having the ring as its lower base.
ART.3...Touches the ball outside the cylinder while reaching through the basket from below.
EXCEPTION: In articles 1 or 2, if a player has his/her hand legally in contact with the ball, it is not a violation if such contact witht the ball continues after it enters a basket cylinder or if in such action, the player touches the basket. Dunking or stuffing is legal and is not basket interference.
SECTION 12 GOALTENDING
A player shall not commit goaltending. Goaltending occurs when a player touches the ball during a field-goal try or tap while it is in its downward flight entirely above the basket ring level and has the possibility of entering the basket in flight, or an opponent of the free thrower touches the ball outside the cylinder during a free-throw attempt.
PENALTY: (Sections 11-12)
1. If the violation is at the opponent's basket, the opponent's are awarded one point if during a free throw, three points if during a three-point try and two points in any other case. See 10-3-11 for additional penalty for goaltending during a free throw. The crediting of the score and subsequent procedure are the same as if the awarded score had resulted from the ball having gone through the basket, except that the official shall hand the ball to a player of the team entitled to the throw-in.
2. If the violation is at a team's own basket, no points can be scored, and the ball is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation. See 10-3-11 for additional penalty for goaltending during a free throw.
3. If the violation results from touching the ball while it is in the basket after entering from below, no points are scored and the ball is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation.
4. If there is a violation by both teams, play shall be resumed by the team entitled to the alternating-possession throw-in at the out-of-bounds spot nearest to where the simultaneous violations occurred.
SECTION 13 EXCESSIVE SWINGING OF ARM(S) / ELBOW(S)
ART.1...A player shall not excessively swing his/her arm(s) or elbow(s), even without contacting an opponent.
ART.2...A player may extend arm(s) or elbow(s) to hold the ball under the chin or against the body.
ART.3...Action of arm(s) and elbow(s) resulting from total body movements as in pivoting or movement of the ball incidental to feinting with it, releasing it, or moving it to prevent a held ball or loss of control shall not be considered excessive.
PENALTY: (Section 13) The ball is dead when the violation occurs and is awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the designated out-of-bounds spot nearest the violation. (See 6-7-9 Exp 4)
